Which Erikson stage centers on developing trust when caregivers consistently meet basic needs?

• A. Autonomy vs Shame
• B. Industry vs Inferiority
• C. Trust vs Mistrust
• D. Identity vs Role Confusion

Answer: (C)

In infancy, the key idea is that trust develops when caregivers consistently meet basic needs. When a baby’s needs for food, comfort, warmth, and responsive soothing are met reliably, the infant learns that people can be depended on and the world is predictably safe. This creates a sense of trust and security that supports exploration and social bonding later on. If responses are inconsistent or neglectful, the baby may develop mistrust, doubting whether others will be there when needed and feeling wary about the world. This foundational pattern is what Erikson called Trust vs Mistrust. Autonomy vs Shame belongs to the toddler years and focuses on independence; Industry vs Inferiority relates to competence during school age; Identity vs Role Confusion concerns forming a sense of self in adolescence.