A sexually active adolescent asks about condoms and STI prevention. What should the nurse tell?

• A. Use of a latex condom can prevent transmission of STIs
• B. The only way to prevent transmission of STIs is abstinence
• C. Use of a latex condom is a good method for preventing pregnancy
• D. A spermicide needs to be used along with a condom to prevent transmission of STIs

Answer: (A)

Using a latex condom correctly reduces the risk of transmission of many sexually transmitted infections by acting as a barrier to fluids and skin-to-skin contact in the covered area. It substantially lowers the chance of infections such as HIV, chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis, and it also helps prevent pregnancy when used consistently. However, it isn’t foolproof—infections like HPV and herpes can still be transmitted through areas not covered by the condom, or if the condom breaks or is used incorrectly. It’s important to use a new condom for each act, check for tears, store it properly, and use water-based or silicone-based lubricants with latex. If there's a latex allergy, non-latex options can still provide protection. Spermicide does not prevent STIs, and abstinence, while effective, isn’t the only approach to STI prevention.